As a matter of background, this follows a proposal from the European Commission, published on 9 December 2021. Employment and social affairs ministers then agreed on the Council's general approach during their meeting on 12 June 2023. Subsequently, negotiations with the European Parliament started on 11 July 2023 and led to an agreement on 8 February 2024. The Council of the EU formally adopted these new rules on 14 October 2024. After being signed by both the Council and the European Parliament, the directive will enter into force once it is published in the Official Journal of the European Union. Member states will have two years to implement the directive's provisions into their national laws.
The directive is intended to improve working conditions for the over 28 million people currently employed by or engaged in digital labour platforms across the EU, such as food delivery and taxi services, with the number of such workers expected to surpass 40 million by the end of 2025. It also aims to increase transparency in the use of algorithms for HR management, ensuring that automated systems are monitored by qualified personnel and allowing workers to challenge automated decisions.
Moreover, the directive will assist in accurately determining the employment status of platform workers, clarifying whether they should be classified as self-employed or employees, thus enabling them to claim the labour and social security rights they are entitled to. To achieve this, Member States shall also be required to introduce a legal presumption of employment within their legal frameworks, which will apply when specific indicators of control and direction are present.
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